[216] It is the third most spoken language in the Americas, mainly due to Brazil, although there are also significant communities of lusophones in nations such as Canada, the US and Venezuela. Native protection was assigned to the General Procurate of the Republic. The 1890 British Ultimatum led to the contraction of Portuguese ambitions in Africa. [149], In 1592, during the war with Spain, an English fleet captured a large Portuguese carrack off the Azores, the Madre de Deus, which was loaded with 900 tons of merchandise from India and China estimated at half a million pounds (nearly half the size of English Treasury at the time). Scientific Expeditions in the Portuguese Overseas Territories (1783-1808), and the Role of Lisbon in the Intellectual-Scientific Community of the Late Eighteenth Century | Simon, William Joel | ISBN: | Kostenloser Versand für alle Bücher mit Versand und Verkauf duch Amazon. [186], Although the royal family returned to Portugal in 1821, the interlude led to a growing desire for independence amongst Brazilians. On the establishment of the Republic in 1910, the provisional government pledge a new organization of overseas territories and a halt of colonial plundering. At least two reforms created the present system of overseas internal administration; The reform of 1920 that establishes territories under a Governor, assisted by an Executive Council or under direction of High Commissioners. [46] After the capture of Socotra, Cunha and Albuquerque operated separately. A move for independence among the … [191], The King's reaction to the ultimatum was exploited by republicans. These territories are not officially a part of the UK, as most are self-governing (but they do remain under its jurisdiction). Portugal claimed a swath of territory from present-day Mozambique to Angola. While this process was similar to the agreement between the United Kingdom and China two years earlier regarding Hong Kong, the Portuguese transfer to China was met with less resistance than that of Britain regarding Hong Kong, as Portugal had already recognized Macau as Chinese territory under Portuguese administration in 1979. [38] Cabral recommended to the Portuguese King that the land be settled, and two follow up voyages were sent in 1501 and 1503. [144], However, the union meant that Spain dragged Portugal into its conflicts with England, France and the Dutch Republic, countries which were beginning to establish their own overseas empires. The captaincies created there functioned under a centralized administration in Salvador, which reported directly to the Crown in Lisbon. [20] The Cape Verde Islands were discovered in 1456 and settled in 1462. [199], Portuguese territories in Africa eventually included the modern nations of Cape Verde, São Tomé and Príncipe, Guinea-Bissau, Angola, and Mozambique. [111], Within a few years after Cabral arrived from Brazil, competition came along from France. Really far south. Together with Portugal, they are now members of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries, which when combined total 10,742,000 km2, or 7.2% of the Earth's landmass (148 939 063 km2). [191] On February 1, 1908, King Carlos and Prince Luís Filipe were assassinated in Lisbon by two Portuguese republican activist revolutionaries, Alfredo Luís da Costa and Manuel Buíça. The Superior Colonial School of Lisboa (Escola Superior Colonial, ESC), renamed Superior Institute of Overseas Studies (Instituto Superior de Estudos Ultramarinos, ISEU) is in charge of training the overseas administrators and civil service. Look through examples of overseas territory translation in sentences, listen to pronunciation and learn grammar. [114], The increase in brazilwood smuggling from the French led João III to press an effort to establish effective occupation of the territory. It made recommendations concerning personnel for the administrative, fiscal, and military, as well as bishops of overseas dioceses. In relation to the Portuguese Overseas territories, the Overseas Ministry had jurisdiction over almost all matters of government that, in the European Portugal, was divided by various ministries, including revenue and customs, economical affairs, internal security, public works, transports and communications, justice, civil administration, education and public health. Cape Verdean escudo, from 1931 African escudo, Portuguese (official) and Cape Verdean Creole, Portuguese Guinean escudo, from 1931 African escudo, Portuguese (official) and Guinea-Bissau Creole, Portuguese (official), Macanese or Macau Creole (known as Patuá) and Chinese (Cantonese), Mozambican escudo, from 1931 African escudo, Portuguese (official), Emakhuwa, Cisena and Xichangana, Portuguese (official), Indo-Portuguese Creoles, Konkani, Hindi, Gujarati, Marathi, Territories of Goa, Daman, Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli, São Tomé e Príncipe escudo, from 1931 African escudo, Portuguese (official) and Portuguese-based creoles. Macau and Goa are designated Metropolitan Areas. Private companies were authorized and afiliates of Radio Clube Portugues, Radio Renascenca and others were established in Africa and Asia. Over the following decades, Portuguese sailors continued to explore the coasts and islands of East Asia, establishing forts and factories as they went. Portugal returned Macau to China in 1999. The following is a list of the 14 British Overseas Territories arranged by land area. Like citizens they are subjected to metropolitan laws. The Portuguese empire expanded into the Persian Gulf, contesting control of the spice trade with the Ajuran Empire and the Ottoman Empire. In the wake of the Reconquista, Portuguese sailors began exploring the coast of Africa and the Atlantic archipelagos in 1418–19, using recent developments in navigation, cartography and maritime technology such as the caravel, with the aim of finding a sea route to the source of the lucrative spice-trade. [145] The primary threat came from the Dutch, who had been engaged in a struggle for independence against Spain since 1568. [74][75], Despite initial harmony and excitement between the two cultures, difficulties began to arise shortly afterwards, including misunderstanding, bigotry, and even hostility. By the 1490s Madeira had overtaken Cyprus as a producer of sugar. 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